摘要
人格解体和现实解体障碍（DPDR）是一种使人衰弱的疾病。迄今为止，人们对人格结构以及感知的社会支持和孤独感在 DPDR 中的作用知之甚少。
三项研究分别调查了：（i）使用网络模型，与一般人群样本（N = 303）相比，自我报告的 DPDR 个体（N = 160）的宽带人格特征（五因素模型）、适应不良特征域（PID-5）以及感知支持和孤独感； (ii) 自我报告的 DPDR 个体的人格结构和相互关联性、感知支持和孤独感以及 DPDR 特征（频率/持续时间）（N = 160）； (iii) 使用主题分析，自我报告的 DPDR 个体（N = 19）的特征适应和叙事身份。
研究 1 发现样本间在几个特征上存在差异，尤其是精神病和负面情绪。还发现了网络全球中心性的差异，但结构或边缘没有差异。研究 2 中的图形模型显示了一个具有分离倾向的群体，包括 DPDR 特征和精神病。研究 3 强调了 DPDR 的发展对于那些经历过 DPDR 的人来说是一个关键的生活转变，叙述的重点是不良的能动性、孤立性和自我意识被破坏的感觉。
人格的个体差异是 DPDR 的特征，特别是在精神病方面。讨论了对理论和研究的影响。
查看英文原文摘要
Depersonalization and derealization disorder (DPDR) is a debilitating condition. To date, little was known about the role of personality structure and of perceived social support and loneliness in DPDR.
Three studies investigated, respectively: (i) broadband personality traits (five-factor model), maladaptive trait domains (PID-5), and perceived support and loneliness in individuals with self-reported DPDR (N = 160) versus a general population sample (N = 303), using network modeling; (ii) structure and interconnectivity of personality, perceived support and loneliness, and DPDR traits (frequency/duration) in individuals with self-reported DPDR (N = 160); (iii) characteristic adaptations and narrative identities in individuals with self-reported DPDR (N = 19), using thematic analysis.
Study 1 found between-samples differences across several traits, especially psychoticism and negative affect. Differences in networks' global centrality, but not structures or edges, were also found. The graphical model in Study 2 showed a community of dissociative tendencies including DPDR traits and psychoticism. Study 3 highlighted the development of DPDR as a key life transition for those experiencing it, with narratives focusing on feelings of poor agency, isolation, and a disrupted sense of self.
Individual differences in personality characterize DPDR, especially in psychoticism. Implications for theory and research are discussed.