摘要
人格解体是一种让人感觉与自我、身体和他人分离的状况。一个人自己的面孔的表征是自我意识和身份的一个显着的身体方面，经验证据表明，患有人格解体障碍的人在看到照片或镜子中的自己时，对自己面孔的感知会受到干扰，这一点已得到第一人称报告的证实。然而，目前还没有研究探索在人格解体的背景下储存在视觉记忆中的长期自我面孔表征的状态。通过可视化个体如何“在心灵中”看待自己，这项研究为人格解体症状与自我面孔表征损伤之间的关系提供了第一个经验证据。报告更频繁和更强烈的人格解体症状的个体的自我面部表征准确性较低，但有些违反直觉，这种表征的精确度和信息内容也较高。这些结果表明，具有高度人格解体的个体代表着自己独特但不准确的面部身份。据独立评估者称，与低度人格解体参与者相比，高度人格解体参与者的自我面部表征被评为明显更加无情感、外表更年轻。这些特征被发现与异常相关的人格解体症状特别相关。的记忆经历。最后，内感受性在自我面孔表征准确性和人格解体症状中的有趣作用被揭示。这些新颖的结果强调了内感受和外感受身体自我意识和记忆过程之间的联系对于那些经历与自我、身体和世界分离的痛苦感觉的人来说非常重要。
查看英文原文摘要
Depersonalization is a condition that makes people feel detached from one's self, body and others. The representation of one's own face is a salient bodily aspect of self-awareness and identity, and empirical evidence suggests that individuals with depersonalization disorder experience disrupted perception of their faces when viewing themselves in photographs or in the mirror, which has been corroborated by first-person reports. However, no study had yet explored the state of long-term self-face representations stored in visual memory in the context of depersonalization. By visualizing how individuals saw themselves "in the mind's eye", this study provides the first empirical evidence for a relationship between depersonalization symptoms and impairments in self-face representation. Individuals reporting more frequent and intense depersonalization symptoms had lower self-face representation accuracy, but somewhat counterintuitively, also higher precision and informational content of this representation. These results suggested that individuals with high depersonalization were representing a distinct, but inaccurate, facial identity as themselves. The self-face representations of high-depersonalization participants were rated as visibly more emotionless and younger in appearance than those of low-depersonalisation participants, according to independent raters. These features were found to be specifically related to aspects of depersonalization symptomatology related to anomalous memory experiences. Finally, an intriguing role of interoceptive sensibility was revealed in both self-face representational accuracy and in depersonalization symptoms. These novel results highlight the link between interoceptive and exteroceptive bodily self-awareness and memory processes as important in those individuals who experience distressing feelings of being detached from one's self, body and the world.